The relationship between maternal alcohol intake 4 weeks before pregnancy and size at birth and preterm delivery (n=1152)
| Unadjusted change (95% CI) | p Value* | Adjusted change† (95% CI) | p Value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth weight (g) | ||||
| Non-drinkers | 0.0 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.03 |
| ≤2 Units/week | −14.6 (−147.4 to 118.1) | −70.2 (−167.4 to 26.9) | ||
| >2 Units/week | −23.2 (−123.6 to 77.1) | −105.7 (−183.5 to −27.9) | ||
| Customised birth centile‡ | ||||
| Non-drinkers | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.009 |
| ≤2 Units/week | −2.8 (−9.4 to 3.9) | −4.2 (−10.9 to 2.4) | ||
| >2 Units/week | −4.9 (−9.9 to 0.1) | −7.7 (−12.8 to −2.6) | ||
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | p Value* | Adjusted OR† (95% CI) | p Value* | |
| SGA (<10th centile)‡ | ||||
| Non-drinkers | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.2 |
| ≤2 Units/week | 1.4 (0.7 to 2.7) | 1.7 (0.8 to 3.5) | ||
| >2 Units/week | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.3) | 1.8 (0.9 to 3.2) | ||
| Low birth weight (≤2500 g) | ||||
| Non-drinkers | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.4 |
| ≤2 Units/week | 0.6 (0.2 to 1.7) | 0.4 (0.1 to 2.7) | ||
| >2 Units/week | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.2) | 1.1 (0.2 to 6.1) | ||
| Preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation) | ||||
| Non-drinkers | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.5 |
| ≤2 Units/week | 1.4 (0.7 to 2.7) | 1.7 (0.6 to 6.4) | ||
| >2 Units/week | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.3) | 2.0 (0.7 to 6.2) | ||
*p For trend for categories of alcohol intake.
†Adjusted for maternal pre-pregnancy weight, height, age, parity, ethnicity, salivary cotinine levels, caffeine intake, education, energy intake, gestation and baby's sex in a multivariable linear regression for continuous outcomes and a multivariable logistic regression for categorical outcomes.
‡Takes into account maternal pre-pregnancy weight, height, parity, ethnicity, gestation and baby's sex.
SGA, small for gestational age.