Table 4

Adjusted and stratified associations between school-level exposures (student commitment and sense of belonging) and student risk-behaviours with multiple imputation

Student risk-behaviours	School-level exposures
	Student commitment				Student belonging
	Variables for which evidence of moderation indicates need for stratified analysis		Association—overall or stratified where evidence of moderation	P value	Variables for which evidence of moderation	Association—overall or stratified where evidence of moderation	P value
Bullying perpetration			−0.45* (−0.119, 0.29)	0.25	Female	−0.14† (−0.40, 0.13)	0.31
Bullying perpetration			−0.45* (−0.119, 0.29)	0.25	Male	−0.76† (−1.02, –0.49)	<0.0001
Bullying victimisation	White British		0.03‡ (−0.07, 0.12)	0.58	Female	−0.01 (−0.05, 0.02)	0.46
Bullying victimisation	Other		−0.09 (−0.17, –0.02)	0.02	Male	−0.07 (−0.10, –0.03)	<0.0001
Smoking tobacco ever	Low affluence	White British	0.67§ (0.31, 1.45)	0.31	White British	0.68 (0.53, 0.86)	0.002
	Low affluence	Other	0.46§ (0.23, 0.92)	0.03	White British	0.68 (0.53, 0.86)	0.002
	High affluence	White British	0.98§ (0.49, 2.00)	0.97	Other	0.80 (0.64. 1.00)	0.05
	High affluence	Other	0.68§ (0.35, 1.30)	0.24	Other	0.80 (0.64. 1.00)	0.05
Smoking tobacco in previous week	Low affluence	Two parents	0.80¶ (0.31, 2.09)	0.65		0.68** (0.53, 0.86)	0.002
	Low affluence	Other family structure	0.50¶ (0.19, 1.39)	0.19
	High affluence	Two parents	1.39¶ (1.13, 8.90)	0.43
	High affluence	Other family structure	0.89¶ (0.34, 2.33)	0.81
Alcohol in previous week	Low affluence		0.42†† (0.18, 0.88)	0.05	Low FSM	1.06 (0.81, 1.38)	0.68
Alcohol in previous week	High affluence		0.88†† (0.45, 1.74)	0.72	High FSM	0.55 (0.40, 0.75)	<0.0001
Really drunk ever			0.61‡‡ (0.33, 1.14)	0.12	Low affluence	0.81§§ (0.62, 1.06)	0.13
Really drunk ever			0.61‡‡ (0.33, 1.14)	0.12	High affluence	0.65§§ (0.51, 0.83)	0.001
Binge drinking ever			0.54‡‡ (0.26, 1.11)	0.09	Two parents	0.64 (0.48, 0.87)	0.004
Binge drinking ever			0.54‡‡ (0.26, 1.11)	0.09	Other family structure	0.79¶¶ (0.57, 1.11)	0.18
Drugs ever			0.43‡‡ (0.18, 1.01)	0.05		0.65 (0.48, 0.88)	0.005
Drugs in previous month			0.36†† (0.12, 1.11)	0.08		0.50 (0.34, 0.73)	<0.0001

Variables adjusted for:
*Size, deprivation, ethnicity, family structure, parent working, family affluence.
†Size, deprivation.
‡Parent working.
§Size, deprivation, FSM.
¶Deprivation, FSM, ethnicity, parent working.
**Deprivation.
††Size, deprivation, FSM, ethnicity, parent working.
‡‡Size, deprivation, FSM, ethnicity.
§§IDACI, FSM.
¶¶ IDACI.
FSM, free school meal; IDACI, Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index.