Table 1

Characteristics of 5-year-old Ontario-born children by immigrant status, Canada, 2002–2012

	Non-immigrants		Immigrants
	N	%	N	%	Standardised differences
Total	925 656		315 218
Child characteristics
Child maltreatment (emergency deparment + hospitalisation)	14 952	1.6	3015	1.0	0.06
Child maltreatment (hospitalisation only)	4266	0.5	813	0.3	0.03
Male sex	474 585	51.3	161 927	51.4	0.0
Complex chronic conditions	48 252	5.2	17 332	5.5	−0.01
Birth order
1st	455 920	49.3	181 857	57.7	−0.17
2nd	328 709	35.5	96 624	30.7	0.1
3rd	105 169	11.4	27 266	8.6	0.09
4th+	35 858	3.9	9471	3.0	0.05
Neighbourhood income quintile
1: Lowest	167 176	18.1	105 437	33.4	−0.36
2	174 969	18.9	72 986	23.2	−0.1
3	193 539	20.9	60 188	19.1	0.05
4	210 733	22.8	48 546	15.4	0.19
5: Highest	179 239	19.4	28 061	8.9	0.3
Rural residence	121 548	13.1	3055	1.0	0.49
Maternal characteristics
Maternal age, years
≤19	40 169	4.3	4439	1.4	0.18
20–24	127 955	13.8	36 808	11.7	0.06
25–29	255 437	27.6	95 251	30.2	−0.06
30–34	316 766	34.2	105 829	33.6	0.01
35–39	155 730	16.8	59 237	18.8	−0.05
40+	29 599	3.2	13 654	4.3	−0.06
Maternal birthplace
Canadian-born	925 656	100
South Asia			103 083	32.7
East Asia/Pacific			71 858	22.8
Latin America/Caribbean			43 391	13.8
North Africa/Middle East			25 682	8.1
Western Europe, USA, Australia, New Zealand			24 687	7.8
Eastern Europe			23 802	7.6
Sub-Saharan Africa			22 715	7.2
Time since maternal immigration, years
<5			166 938	53.0
5–9			73 841	23.4
10–14			43 619	13.8
15+			30 820	9.8
Received refugee status			39 959	12.7
Knowledge of Canadian official languages			192 856	61.2
Marital status at arrival
Married/common law			185 224	58.8
Single			127 136	40.3
Divorced/separated/widowed			2858	0.9
Educational attainment at arrival
<12 years			124 411	39.5
12+ years			190 807	60.5
Landed in Canada at age 25+ years			153 374	48.7